Apparatus for cooling beer



(No Model.)

w. 11. HAYES. 4 APPARATUS FOR GOOLINGQBEER, '&0.

Patented Sept. 8, 1885.

N. PETERS, PhOlO- WIP'NF, Wllhinglnfl. D. Q

' the beer.

v UNITED STAT S PATENT O FICE.

WILLIAM H. HAYES, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR COOLING BEER, 80C.

FJPECIPICATION formin part of Letters Patent. No. 325,742, dated September 8,1885.

Application filed January 15, 1885. {No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM-H. HAYES, of Paterson, Passaic county, in the State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Cooling Beer and other Liquids, of which the following is a specification.

I cool by means of water. I have devised a construction which is highly efficient and easily constructed and kept in order. I will for convenience describe the invention as applied to the cooling of beer; but it will be obvious that the essential features thereof would serve in other relations with advantage. The beer is conducted alternately backward and forward through a series of annular chambers between thin metallic pipes. The cooling-water is conducted through the space exterior and also interior to the annular layer of beer. The center of the inner pipe or space is occupied so as to arrest the current there and compel it to flow close to The series of pipes, one within another, extend horizontally in such lengths as the pipe can be conveniently procured. The ends are peculiarlycoupled. The water flows in adirection opposite to the motion of the beer.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification, and represent what I consider the best means of carrying out the invention.

Figure 1 isa side elevation, and Fig. 2 an end elevation, showing one entire set of the 'apparatus. The remaining figures are on a larger scale. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section, and Fig. 4 a crosssection on the line an ac in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a cross-section on the line 3 y in Fig. 3.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where they occur.

A is a fixed frame-work, of wood or other suitable material, formed in several pieces secured together by bolts a. It supports a series of horizontal parallel tubes, B. A description of one will suffice for all. Each end of each pipe B is tightly secured by soldering to by webs at two points, one of whichis of sufficient thickness to receive a transverse section, as shown. The ring 0 receives the ends of a tube, D, of the same length as B, held concentrically within it. This tube D is also soldered tightly to O. "Vithin the tube D is held concentrically a tube, E, the main body of which is of only alittle less diameter than the tubeD. The thin annular chamber betweenD andE is the space for thebeer. The chambers exterior and interior thereto are the spaces for the water. Each end of the tube E is considerably contracted, as indicated by E. The ends receive tubular castings F, to which they are tightly soldered. The outer end of each casting F is screw-threaded, and receives acircular nut or ring, G, which is formed with a conical face engaging with a corresponding conical seat in the casting C. These are ground to make a tight fit. The exterior is adapted to be engaged by a suitable spanner to allow it to be forcibly turned.

In applying the parts together the nut G is screwed on the casting F, so as, by pressure against the conical seat to induce a considerable tensile strain on the pipe E. This insures its being held centrally within the ,inclosingpipe D. H is an end casting screw-threaded into the suitable solid portion of the ring 0 to form.

the transverse connection above alluded to. It connects by a coupling, L, with a short length of straight pipe, M, which by a similar coupling connects witha corresponding thimble in the next casting, 0, below. The inand outer portions of this ring are connected terior of the thimloles K and tube Mthus IOO a higher source, or may be urged by a pump or other convenient device. Its temperature may be artificially cooled before its reception. The water traverses the lower length in one direction, the next above in the return direction, and the third in the same direction as' at first, and the fourth in the opposite direc tion. This may be repeated as many times as desired. The water finally escapes much raised in temperature through apipe, O. The beer is received through apipe, P, from an elevated reservoir. (Not represented.) It flows through the annular space between the pipes D and E in one direction; thence across through the coupling-pipe M and its connections into the beer-space in the next length, in which it flows in the opposite direction; thence down through the coupling M into the third length, in which it flows in the same direction as at first. This movement is repeatcd through the entire series of lengths. The

beer finally escapes through a pipe, Q, properly reduced in temperature, and is received in suitable fermenting-vats or other vessels. (Not represented.)

I? is a cock which lets on and shuts off the flow of beer as required, and P is a cock which lets on and shuts off steam through a branch connected with a boiler, (not represented,) when required, as described farther on. The parts are easily fitted together and taken apart when required. The construction affords great areas of surface for the transfer of the heat from the beer to the water. I have in my experiments used copper as the material for all the pipes. The thin space occupied by the beer may be cleaned at short intervals by draining the beer and following it with steam, the steam condensing with sufficient rapidity at first to effect a thorough washing. Blowing through strongly with steam removes the sugar and other coating material, leaving the surfaces bright and fresh for the succeeding use. The water-spaces exterior and interior to the annular beer-space may be occasionally cleaned by a similar blast of steam. This is much less important than the cleaning of the beer-space.

IV is an idle-tube pointed at each end and held concentrically within the inner tube, E. Its function is to prevent a large body of water flowing along the axial line of the inner tube. It should be of such size that the water flows through the inner tube at only about the same rate as it flows through the water-chamber between the pipes B and D. There may be two or more sets of the stationary frames A, with their several lengths of tube B, and their inclosures and connections; but in such case it is important that there be separate means of cont-rolling the flow through each set so that they may be regulated. This may be done by cocks. (Not represented.) In each set the cold water enters at the lower portions and comes in contact with the beer, which has been previously cooled down to nearly the proper temperature. The cold water takes away the last increment of heat. As the water traverses the several lengths it encounters the beer, or rather the thin metallic surfaces which separate it therefrom, at ternperatures which are successively hotter at each stage. The Water ultimately escapes through the pipe 0 at a temperature nearly up to that ofthe beer which is entering through the pipe P.

The term beer will be understood as applied to wort,or to liquid in any stage in which it becomes desirable to cool it, either for the manufacture of beer, ale, or other fermented drinks, or for any other purpose whatsoever.

Modifications may be made in the forms and proportions of the parts without departing from the principle or sacrificing the advantages of the invention. The end portions, E, of the tube E may be contracted less or more than shown. The forms and proportions shown allow the parts to be put together with facility. The outer tube, B, may be slip-.

ped on over the end casting, C, before the thimble K is put in; then on screwing in the latter, with or without white lead or other cementing material, a strong and tight joint is formed. No part is subject to severe strain from unequal expansion and contraction or other cause.

I believe that the apparatus will keep tight and in effective condition foralong period.

I claim as my invention 1. In an apparatus for cooling beer and analogous liquids, the annular pipes B, D, and E, in combination with each other and with means, substantially as set forth, for causing a thin annular stratum of beer to move in one direction and a current of the coolingliquid, as water, to move in the opposite direction,

both outside and inside of the former, as herein specified.

2. In an apparatus for cooling beer and analogous liquids, the filling-tube or idle piece W, arranged within the inner pipe, E, in combination with such pipe, and with the exterior pipes, D and B, and with means for causing currents .to flow in opposite directions, as herein specified.

3. In an apparatus for cooling beer and analogous liquids, the nut G, threaded tubular casting F, and conical seat, in combination with each other, and with the annular chambered casting O and concentric tubes D B, substantially as herein specified.

4.. In an apparatus for cooling beer and analogous liquids, a series of two or more concentric sets of tubes, B, D, and E, in combination with each other and with connections J and M, one joining the'beer-spaces in one set with the beer space in other set, and the other joining both water-spaces in one set with both water-spaces in the other set, all substantially as herein specified.

5. In an apparatus for cooling beer and analogous liquids having two or more sets of concentric tubes, as B D E, and partly annularly-chambered casting O, a detachable thim- IIO i e and cook P communioatin withasource P P g of steam at high pressure, arranged to serve substantially as herein specified.

In testimony whereof'I have hereunto set my hand at Paterson, New Jersey, this 3d day of January, 1880, in the presence of two sub- 15 scribing witnesses.

- WM. H. HAYES. Witnesses:

J. G. A. MEYER, A. PHILLIPS. 

